劉亞芳 教授，浙江大學兼職教授，國家能(neng)源局能(neng)源節約(yue)和科技裝備司原副司長

新(xin)(xin)型(xing)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技術(shu)(shu)正加速成為(wei)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)高(gao)質量發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)核(he)心(xin)支(zhi)撐。截至2024年底(di)，我國新(xin)(xin)型(xing)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)裝(zhuang)機(ji)規(gui)模呈(cheng)現(xian)爆發(fa)(fa)(fa)式增長：鋰離子電(dian)(dian)池儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)裝(zhuang)機(ji)達(da)5120萬千(qian)瓦(wa)（占比(bi)(bi)69.4%），壓(ya)縮空氣(qi)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)突(tu)(tu)破(po)(po)860萬千(qian)瓦(wa)，全釩(fan)液流電(dian)(dian)池實(shi)現(xian)320萬千(qian)瓦(wa)商業化應用，三者合計貢獻(xian)全年新(xin)(xin)增裝(zhuang)機(ji)的(de)91%。這一突(tu)(tu)破(po)(po)性(xing)進展(zhan)直接(jie)推(tui)動(dong)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消納率提(ti)升至96.8%，較2020年提(ti)高(gao)23個(ge)百分點。政策(ce)驅(qu)動(dong)效應顯(xian)著，《加快推(tui)動(dong)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)指導意(yi)見》實(shi)施(shi)后，2024年新(xin)(xin)型(xing)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)核(he)準量同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增長210%，其中電(dian)(dian)網側儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)占比(bi)(bi)達(da)58%，成為(wei)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)構建(jian)的(de)關鍵抓手。技術(shu)(shu)經濟性(xing)持續突(tu)(tu)破(po)(po)：鋰電(dian)(dian)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)成本(ben)降至0.45元(yuan)(yuan)/Wh（2020年為(wei)1.2元(yuan)(yuan)/Wh），4小時全釩(fan)液流電(dian)(dian)池系(xi)統(tong)效率突(tu)(tu)破(po)(po)75%，壓(ya)縮空氣(qi)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)單機(ji)規(gui)模首次達(da)到300MW級。這些進展(zhan)直接(jie)支(zhi)撐了"綠電(dian)(dian)直連"試點項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)中風光發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)占比(bi)(bi)提(ti)升至85%，為(wei)"碳雙控(kong)"目(mu)(mu)標(biao)實(shi)現(xian)提(ti)供關鍵技術(shu)(shu)路(lu)徑。當前(qian)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)已形成"政策(ce)-技術(shu)(shu)-市場"協同(tong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)格局，預計2025年產業鏈規(gui)模將突(tu)(tu)破(po)(po)萬億元(yuan)(yuan)，成為(wei)實(shi)現(xian)"雙碳"目(mu)(mu)標(biao)最具確定性(xing)的(de)戰略(lve)支(zhi)點。