為深化(hua)落(luo)實自(zi)(zi)然(ran)資源(yuan)(yuan)政策法(fa)(fa)規宣傳(chuan)六項工(gong)作機制，安徽省自(zi)(zi)然(ran)資源(yuan)(yuan)廳(ting)分期推出(chu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)資源(yuan)(yuan)政策法(fa)(fa)規知識(shi)系列(lie)問答，主動回應社會普遍關注的(de)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)資源(yuan)(yuan)領(ling)域熱點問題，向全社會普及(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)資源(yuan)(yuan)管理(li)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)法(fa)(fa)規知識(shi)，傳(chuan)遞(di)尊重(zhong)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)、順應自(zi)(zi)然(ran)、保護自(zi)(zi)然(ran)和“節約集約用地(di)、嚴守耕(geng)地(di)紅(hong)線(xian)”理(li)念，共同(tong)維護自(zi)(zi)然(ran)資源(yuan)(yuan)管理(li)秩(zhi)序。本期推出(chu)光伏用地(di)有關政策問答。

一、光伏發電項目用地類型有哪些？

答：光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)項目用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)包括光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)方陣用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)（含光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)面板、采用(yong)(yong)(yong)直埋電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜敷(fu)設(she)方式(shi)的集電(dian)(dian)(dian)線路等用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)）和配套(tao)設(she)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)（含變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站及運行管理中心、集電(dian)(dian)(dian)線路、場內外道路等用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)）。

二、光伏發電項目選址有哪些要求？

答：光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電項目(mu)選址應符合(he)國(guo)土空(kong)間規劃和用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途管(guan)制要求。鼓(gu)勵使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)未利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地和存量建設(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地發展光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電項目(mu),促(cu)進節約(yue)集約(yue)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地。鼓(gu)勵利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)城鎮低效用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地、村莊用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地、廢棄礦山等建設(she)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電項目(mu),盤活利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)存量土地資源。支持(chi)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)采煤沉陷區(qu)的非耕地區(qu)域、因沉陷確(que)實無法復墾的耕地區(qu)域建設(she)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電項目(mu)。積(ji)極支持(chi)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工業(ye)廠房、公(gong)共建筑、高(gao)速公(gong)路服務區(qu)等建設(she)工商業(ye)分布式光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)。

光伏發電(dian)項目選址(zhi)應(ying)(ying)當避讓(rang)耕地(di)、生態保護(hu)紅線、歷史文化保護(hu)線、特殊自然景觀價值和文化標(biao)識區域(yu)、天然林地(di)等，涉及自然保護(hu)地(di)的,還(huan)應(ying)(ying)當符合自然保護(hu)地(di)相關法(fa)規(gui)和政策(ce)要求(qiu);不得占用永(yong)久基(ji)本農田(tian)和I級(ji)保護(hu)林地(di)。不得在(zai)河道、湖泊(bo)、水庫內建(jian)設光伏發電(dian)項目,在(zai)養(yang)殖池塘等養(yang)殖區、限(xian)養(yang)區及湖泊(bo)周邊、水庫庫汊建(jian)設光伏發電(dian)項目的，應(ying)(ying)當經過科(ke)學論證,嚴格管控。

三、光伏方陣用地是否需要辦理建設用地審批手續？

答：光伏發電項目用地根據用地性質實行分(fen)類管理。

光伏方(fang)陣(zhen)(zhen)用(yong)地(di)(di)在符(fu)合選址(zhi)要求的(de)情況下，使用(yong)未利用(yong)地(di)(di)或者農用(yong)地(di)(di)的(de)，可按原地(di)(di)類管(guan)理，實行用(yong)地(di)(di)備案(an)，不需要按非農建(jian)設用(yong)地(di)(di)審批，但光伏方(fang)陣(zhen)(zhen)用(yong)地(di)(di)不得改變地(di)(di)表形態。

光伏(fu)發電項目配套設施(shi)用(yong)地(di)(di)，按建設用(yong)地(di)(di)進行(xing)管理，應依法依規(gui)辦(ban)理建設用(yong)地(di)(di)審批手續。

四、光伏發電項目是否可以占用耕地或其他農用地？

答：光伏方陣用(yong)地不(bu)得(de)占用(yong)耕地；占用(yong)其他(ta)農用(yong)地的，應根據實際合理控制，節(jie)約集約用(yong)地，盡量(liang)避(bi)免對生(sheng)態和農業生(sheng)產造成影(ying)響。

光伏(fu)發電項目配套設施用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)應(ying)(ying)當符合國(guo)土空(kong)間(jian)規劃，盡量利用(yong)(yong)未利用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和存量建設用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)；占用(yong)(yong)農用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的，應(ying)(ying)當依法(fa)辦理農用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)轉用(yong)(yong)和土地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)征收手續，其中占用(yong)(yong)一般耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的，還應(ying)(ying)當落實耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)占補平衡。光伏(fu)發電項目配套設施用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)不得占永久基(ji)本農田。

五、光伏發電項目中的道路是否可以認定為農村道路用地？

答(da)：符合光(guang)伏用(yong)地標(biao)準的(de)，位于光(guang)伏方陣內部和四(si)周，直(zhi)接配套光(guang)伏方陣的(de)道(dao)(dao)路(lu)，可(ke)以按(an)農村道(dao)(dao)路(lu)用(yong)地管理；道(dao)(dao)路(lu)占用(yong)一般(ban)耕地的(de)，應當落(luo)實耕地占補平衡。

其他道路按建(jian)設用地(di)管理，應(ying)依法依規辦理建(jian)設用地(di)審批手續。

六、光伏方陣用地能否以租賃的方式取得？

答：光伏方陣(zhen)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)允許以租(zu)賃等方式取(qu)得。用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)單(dan)位與農村(cun)集體(ti)(ti)經濟組織或(huo)國有土地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)權利主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)、當地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)鄉(xiang)鎮政府(fu)簽訂用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)與補償協議，報當地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)縣級(ji)自然資源(yuan)主(zhu)管部(bu)門備(bei)案；涉(she)及(ji)占用(yong)林地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)或(huo)者(zhe)草地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)，還應當報當地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)縣級(ji)林草主(zhu)管部(bu)門備(bei)案。

七、光伏方陣用地備案需要提交哪些材料？

答：以(yi)租(zu)賃(lin)的方式取得的光伏方陣用(yong)(yong)地(di)，向(xiang)縣級(ji)自然資源主管(guan)部門備案(an)時，應提(ti)供(gong)用(yong)(yong)地(di)備案(an)申請、用(yong)(yong)地(di)坐(zuo)標(biao)、用(yong)(yong)地(di)方位圖（矢量）、土(tu)(tu)地(di)利用(yong)(yong)現狀分(fen)類面積表(biao)、土(tu)(tu)地(di)租(zu)賃(lin)或(huo)土(tu)(tu)地(di)補償(chang)協(xie)議、項目(mu)立項（備案(an)）批(pi)復等材料(liao)。

八、可以在設施農業用地上布設光伏方陣嗎？使用期限有什么規定？

答：經(jing)依法備(bei)案(an)的(de)(de)設(she)施農業用(yong)(yong)(yong)地，在(zai)不改變設(she)施農業用(yong)(yong)(yong)地用(yong)(yong)(yong)途(tu)的(de)(de)前(qian)提下，允許利用(yong)(yong)(yong)其(qi)建（構）筑物(wu)布(bu)設(she)光伏方(fang)陣（不含直接(jie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于作(zuo)物(wu)種(zhong)植的(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)設(she)施）。其(qi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)期(qi)限不得超出設(she)施農業用(yong)(yong)(yong)地項目的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)期(qi)限。設(she)施農業用(yong)(yong)(yong)地到(dao)期(qi)不再(zai)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)或者(zhe)未到(dao)期(qi)已(yi)經(jing)不再(zai)從事設(she)施農業生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)，經(jing)營(ying)者(zhe)需履約落實土地復墾責任，光伏方(fang)陣應(ying)當同步拆除。

九、自然資辦發〔2023〕12號文件印發實施之前，已經按規定獲批準立項的光伏發電項目，涉及占用耕地的，是否需要退出所占用的耕地？

答：在2023年3月20日(ri)自(zi)然資辦(ban)發(fa)〔2023〕12號文(wen)件發(fa)布(bu)實施之(zhi)前，已(yi)按照《關于支持光(guang)伏扶貧(pin)和(he)規范光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)產業(ye)用(yong)地(di)(di)的意(yi)見(jian)》（國土資規〔2017〕8號）規定批(pi)準立(li)(li)項(xiang)(xiang)的光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)目（包括(kuo)動工(gong)(gong)和(he)未(wei)(wei)動工(gong)(gong)建設(she)），可按批(pi)準立(li)(li)項(xiang)(xiang)時用(yong)地(di)(di)預(yu)審(shen)和(he)用(yong)地(di)(di)有關意(yi)見(jian)執行，不得擴大(da)項(xiang)(xiang)目用(yong)地(di)(di)面積和(he)占用(yong)耕地(di)(di)林地(di)(di)草地(di)(di)面積；已(yi)經通過用(yong)地(di)(di)預(yu)審(shen)或地(di)(di)方明(ming)確用(yong)地(di)(di)意(yi)見(jian)、但項(xiang)(xiang)目未(wei)(wei)立(li)(li)項(xiang)(xiang)的，按自(zi)然資辦(ban)發(fa)〔2023〕12號文(wen)件規定要求執行。