作為(wei)一個(ge)電(dian)網(wang)人，從中國光伏(fu)(fu)行(xing)業協會成立(li)之初就受邀參(can)與了(le)協會光伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)運行(xing)消納(na)年(nian)度分析研究工作，跟蹤(zong)分析了(le)光伏(fu)(fu)十年(nian)的(de)(de)接(jie)網(wang)運行(xing)消納(na)形(xing)勢(shi)，見證(zheng)了(le)光伏(fu)(fu)十年(nian)發展奇跡(ji)，也親(qin)歷了(le)電(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)轉型(xing)發展，以下幾點關于網(wang)源協同(tong)的(de)(de)認識供參(can)考。

光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)隨(sui)(sui)機性(xing)和(he)(he)波動性(xing)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)是挑戰(zhan)(zhan)更是機遇(yu)，推動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)從傳(chuan)統電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)走向新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)，從傳(chuan)統產業(ye)(ye)走向戰(zhan)(zhan)略性(xing)新(xin)(xin)(xin)興產業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要支撐(cheng)產業(ye)(ye)。十年前，光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在很(hen)多人(ren)眼里還是垃圾電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，大(da)(da)(da)家(jia)更多的(de)(de)是研究光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)隨(sui)(sui)機性(xing)和(he)(he)波動性(xing)，以(yi)(yi)及高比例光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)運行(xing)(xing)消納的(de)(de)影響，主(zhu)(zhu)要研究電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)對(dui)于新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)的(de)(de)消納能(neng)力(li)(li)。十年后，隨(sui)(sui)著(zhu)以(yi)(yi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)體的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統概念的(de)(de)提出，大(da)(da)(da)規模風光(guang)等(deng)波動性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)（Variable Renewable Energy，主(zhu)(zhu)要指風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，以(yi)(yi)下簡稱VRE）的(de)(de)接(jie)入為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)展創造了(le)巨大(da)(da)(da)發(fa)(fa)展機遇(yu)。隨(sui)(sui)著(zhu)VRE占(zhan)比的(de)(de)提升，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統運行(xing)(xing)機理和(he)(he)平衡模式發(fa)(fa)生了(le)深(shen)刻的(de)(de)變(bian)化，源(yuan)網(wang)(wang)(wang)荷儲各環節的(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)定位和(he)(he)特性(xing)也隨(sui)(sui)之發(fa)(fa)生了(le)重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)調整。加快構建清潔低碳(tan)、安全充(chong)裕、經濟高效、供(gong)需協同、靈(ling)活智能(neng)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統，為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)關鍵(jian)技術與(yu)重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)裝備創新(xin)(xin)(xin)帶來了(le)重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)機遇(yu)。當前大(da)(da)(da)家(jia)研究的(de)(de)熱點更多的(de)(de)是如何構建新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)，提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)對(dui)VRE的(de)(de)接(jie)納、配置和(he)(he)調控能(neng)力(li)(li)。

功(gong)率(lv)預測(ce)(ce)是(shi)網(wang)(wang)源(yuan)協同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎，電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)是(shi)網(wang)(wang)源(yuan)協調(diao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵。十(shi)年(nian)前，我(wo)(wo)們(men)網(wang)(wang)上親歷了德國(guo)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)應對(dui)(dui)日全食驚心動(dong)魄(po)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全過程，意識到(dao)對(dui)(dui)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全穩定(ding)運行而(er)(er)言，不(bu)確定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)比波動(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)更可怕(pa)，深刻認識到(dao)功(gong)率(lv)預測(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。十(shi)年(nian)后，隨著國(guo)內光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裝機(ji)規模(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)激增(zeng)，功(gong)率(lv)預測(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)進一步顯現，而(er)(er)且不(bu)同(tong)于(yu)傳統(tong)(tong)認識，我(wo)(wo)們(men)發(fa)(fa)現短時(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)功(gong)率(lv)預測(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)難度竟遠(yuan)超風(feng)電(dian)(dian)。十(shi)年(nian)前，由于(yu)國(guo)內光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)裝機(ji)和發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量占(zhan)比均很(hen)低，一般認為光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)出力主(zhu)要(yao)集(ji)中(zhong)在(zai)白(bai)天(tian)負荷相對(dui)(dui)比較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)段，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)出力與負荷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一致(zhi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)更好(hao)，消(xiao)納(na)(na)難度較(jiao)小。十(shi)年(nian)后，隨著光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)占(zhan)比的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提升，我(wo)(wo)們(men)認識到(dao)迎峰(feng)度夏(xia)、度冬期間(jian)，早(zao)高(gao)(gao)峰(feng)時(shi)段光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)保證出力不(bu)足11%，晚高(gao)(gao)峰(feng)期間(jian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)出力基本為零，山東、河南(nan)等多個(ge)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)出現“鴨子曲線”，而(er)(er)青海電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)凈負荷曲線已由“鴨子曲線”發(fa)(fa)展到(dao)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)更具挑戰(zhan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“峽谷曲線”，午(wu)間(jian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)消(xiao)納(na)(na)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)難度更甚(shen)。十(shi)年(nian)前，我(wo)(wo)們(men)對(dui)(dui)于(yu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)靈(ling)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認識還(huan)僅限于(yu)調(diao)峰(feng)能(neng)力，十(shi)年(nian)后，我(wo)(wo)們(men)認識到(dao)電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)(tong)承載(zai)VRE的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力取決于(yu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，包括電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、儲能(neng)、電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)靈(ling)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)以(yi)及需求側資源(yuan)，靈(ling)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)僅需要(yao)調(diao)峰(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“下調(diao)節”能(neng)力，還(huan)需要(yao)頂峰(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“上調(diao)能(neng)力”。

平(ping)(ping)價(jia)上(shang)網(wang)(wang)不(bu)等(deng)(deng)于平(ping)(ping)價(jia)利(li)用(yong)，消(xiao)納(na)VRE的(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)成(cheng)(cheng)本引發(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)性(xing)(xing)問(wen)題或將(jiang)成(cheng)(cheng)為更高比例VRE發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)障礙。十(shi)年(nian)前(qian)，降(jiang)低光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)成(cheng)(cheng)本是行(xing)業發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中之重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，經過(guo)(guo)十(shi)年(nian)努力，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)及(ji)建(jian)設成(cheng)(cheng)本下降(jiang)了80%，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)度電(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)成(cheng)(cheng)本降(jiang)至(zhi)0.31元，已經實現(xian)了平(ping)(ping)價(jia)上(shang)網(wang)(wang)。十(shi)年(nian)后，我(wo)們逐(zhu)步意識到(dao)VRE平(ping)(ping)價(jia)上(shang)網(wang)(wang)不(bu)等(deng)(deng)于平(ping)(ping)價(jia)利(li)用(yong)，VRE利(li)用(yong)還涉及(ji)消(xiao)納(na)VRE的(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)成(cheng)(cheng)本及(ji)帶來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)經濟(ji)性(xing)(xing)問(wen)題。德國(guo)發(fa)(fa)展新能源(yuan)近20年(nian)，雖然光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)、風(feng)力發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)本體成(cheng)(cheng)本下降(jiang)，但(dan)居民(min)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)上(shang)漲(zhang)90%，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)銷(xiao)售電(dian)(dian)價(jia)上(shang)漲(zhang)23%；英國(guo)近15年(nian)居民(min)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)上(shang)漲(zhang)60%，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)銷(xiao)售電(dian)(dian)價(jia)上(shang)漲(zhang)51%。國(guo)外(wai)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)機(ji)構的(de)(de)(de)(de)研究也表明(ming)，電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)(tong)中VRE電(dian)(dian)量滲(shen)透(tou)率超過(guo)(guo)15%之后，VRE消(xiao)納(na)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)成(cheng)(cheng)本帶來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響將(jiang)逐(zhu)步顯(xian)現(xian)；盡管VRE電(dian)(dian)量滲(shen)透(tou)率達到(dao)25%-40%在技術上(shang)是可行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，但(dan)會帶來(lai)很高的(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)成(cheng)(cheng)本；電(dian)(dian)量滲(shen)透(tou)率超過(guo)(guo)40%時(shi)，消(xiao)納(na)VRE所需要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)成(cheng)(cheng)本甚至(zhi)會超過(guo)(guo)VRE發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)成(cheng)(cheng)本，沒有靈(ling)活性(xing)(xing)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)成(cheng)(cheng)本的(de)(de)(de)(de)投入則(ze)會出現(xian)較(jiao)為嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)棄電(dian)(dian)問(wen)題。系(xi)統(tong)(tong)成(cheng)(cheng)本得不(bu)到(dao)合理(li)疏導，則(ze)會對光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)、風(feng)電(dian)(dian)等(deng)(deng)VRE發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)性(xing)(xing)產生(sheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)影響，對行(xing)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)可持續發(fa)(fa)展帶來(lai)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大挑戰。

從(cong)單一(yi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電站(zhan)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)到(dao)(dao)風(feng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)水(shui)火儲(chu)(chu)(chu)聯營(ying)、源(yuan)網荷儲(chu)(chu)(chu)一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)(hua)，從(cong)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)到(dao)(dao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)(hua)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)始于(yu)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，從(cong)金(jin)太陽工(gong)程起步，規(gui)模(mo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)得益于(yu)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)面電站(zhan)的(de)大規(gui)模(mo)建設，而平價時代的(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)實(shi)現(xian)跨(kua)越式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)則(ze)(ze)得益于(yu)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)并舉(ju)。2014年中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)累(lei)計裝機(ji)容量不足3000萬千瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，2017年突(tu)破1億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，2019年突(tu)破2億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，2021年突(tu)破3億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，2023年則(ze)(ze)突(tu)破6億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)累(lei)計裝機(ji)容量2021年突(tu)破1億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，2023年新增(zeng)裝機(ji)已達到(dao)(dao)了近1億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)；分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)年新增(zeng)裝機(ji)容量的(de)占比從(cong)2017年的(de)不足10%到(dao)(dao)2017年的(de)36.4%，到(dao)(dao)2021年則(ze)(ze)超過50%。從(cong)未來發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)趨勢(shi)來看(kan)，提(ti)高規(gui)模(mo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)經濟(ji)性，集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)并舉(ju)是大勢(shi)所趨，且集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電站(zhan)已從(cong)單一(yi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電站(zhan)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)向(xiang)風(feng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)水(shui)火儲(chu)(chu)(chu)聯營(ying)、源(yuan)網荷儲(chu)(chu)(chu)一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)(hua)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)轉變；分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)已從(cong)工(gong)商(shang)業(ye)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、戶(hu)用光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)向(xiang)戶(hu)用光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)、建筑“光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)直柔(rou)”、電動汽(qi)車光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)充(chong)等光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)(hua)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)轉變。

需要以規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)引(yin)領(ling)光(guang)(guang)伏有(you)序、高質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。眾所周(zhou)知(zhi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)是最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)人造(zao)系(xi)統(tong)，規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全、經濟(ji)運行至關(guan)重(zhong)要。2014年，我(wo)國VER裝機(ji)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)僅(jin)為8.8%，其(qi)中(zhong)光(guang)(guang)伏僅(jin)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)1.8%；發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)僅(jin)為2.5%，其(qi)中(zhong)光(guang)(guang)伏占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)不足1%。由于(yu)裝機(ji)和發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)低(di)，在(zai)“十(shi)二(er)五(wu)”、“十(shi)三五(wu)”電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)中(zhong)，新能源如何納入電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)平(ping)衡(heng)還(huan)在(zai)探索中(zhong)，新能源規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)對于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)無(wu)足輕重(zhong)，盡管風光(guang)(guang)實際開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)模遠(yuan)超(chao)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)模，但似乎并無(wu)大礙。但到(dao)了(le)2023年底，我(wo)國VER裝機(ji)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)達到(dao)36%，其(qi)中(zhong)光(guang)(guang)伏裝機(ji)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)21%；VRE電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)達到(dao)15.8%，其(qi)中(zhong)光(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)6.3%，2023年當(dang)年新增裝機(ji)超(chao)過(guo)2億(yi)千瓦，盡管沒有(you)出現較為嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)棄電(dian)(dian)(dian)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，但光(guang)(guang)伏行業(ye)(ye)盈利水平(ping)也(ye)讓行業(ye)(ye)內(nei)越(yue)來越(yue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人開(kai)(kai)始對光(guang)(guang)伏行業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)持(chi)續性表示擔憂。高質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)涵不僅(jin)包(bao)括大規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)模、高比(bi)例、高利用率，還(huan)應包(bao)括行業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)盈利能力(li)(li)和可(ke)持(chi)續發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)能力(li)(li)。面向“十(shi)五(wu)五(wu)”規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua),是時候應該好好研(yan)究VER乃至光(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，研(yan)究VRE的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)模，不能簡單以越(yue)多越(yue)好論英雄，需要以規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)引(yin)領(ling)光(guang)(guang)伏高質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。